Expanded JSON Specification

All JSON specifications expanded for consumption by AI systems and developers implementing EQDS

Expanded JSON Specification - Equine Data Standard (EQDS)

For AI Systems and Developer Integration

Version: 1.1.0
Status: Draft
Date: 2025-08-31
Publisher: Equine Data Standard (EQDS)
Base: HL7® FHIR® R5

This page provides the expanded JSON specification for the Equine Data Standard in a single location, optimized for AI systems and developers who need to understand and implement EQDS-compliant applications.

Quick Reference

Resource Overview

Resource Type Profile URL Description Key Extensions
Patient https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-patient Equine patient with horse-specific data ownership, equine-color, breeding-info
Observation https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-observation Clinical observations, training metrics, competition scores -
MedicationAdministration https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-medication-administration Medications with competition withdrawal times withdrawal-time
Immunization https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-immunization Vaccinations and immunization schedules next-due
Procedure https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-procedure Veterinary procedures and treatments -
Practitioner https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-practitioner Veterinary practitioners with qualifications -
Organization https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-organization Clinics, training facilities, competition venues -

Canonical URL Base

All EQDS resources use https://eqds.org as the base URL:

  • StructureDefinitions: /StructureDefinition/{id}
  • Extensions: /StructureDefinition/{extension-id}
  • CodeSystems: /CodeSystem/{system-id}
  • ValueSets: /ValueSet/{valueset-id}

FHIR Profile Definitions

1. Equine Patient Profile

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "equine-patient",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-patient",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquinePatient",
  "title": "Equine Patient Profile",
  "status": "draft",
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Profile for equine patients using standard patient-animal extension",
  "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
  "kind": "resource",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Patient",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Patient.extension:animal",
        "path": "Patient.extension",
        "sliceName": "animal",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension",
          "profile": ["http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/patient-animal"]
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Patient.extension:animal.extension:species",
        "path": "Patient.extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "species",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "fixedCodeableConcept": {
          "coding": [{
            "system": "http://snomed.info/sct",
            "code": "35354009",
            "display": "Horse (organism)"
          }]
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Patient.extension:animal.extension:breed",
        "path": "Patient.extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "breed",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "binding": {
          "strength": "required",
          "valueSet": "https://eqds.org/ValueSet/breed-codes"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Patient.extension:animal.extension:genderStatus",
        "path": "Patient.extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "genderStatus",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "binding": {
          "strength": "required",
          "valueSet": "https://eqds.org/ValueSet/equine-sex"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Patient.extension:color",
        "path": "Patient.extension",
        "sliceName": "color",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension",
          "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-color"]
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

2. Equine Observation Profile

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "equine-observation",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-observation",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquineObservation",
  "title": "Equine Observation Profile",
  "status": "draft",
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Profile for equine clinical observations, training metrics, and competition performance",
  "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
  "kind": "resource",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Observation",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Observation.subject",
        "path": "Observation.subject",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Reference",
          "targetProfile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-patient"]
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Observation.category",
        "path": "Observation.category",
        "min": 1,
        "binding": {
          "strength": "preferred",
          "valueSet": "http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/observation-category"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

3. Equine Medication Administration Profile

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "equine-medication-administration",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-medication-administration",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquineMedicationAdministration",
  "title": "Equine Medication Administration Profile",
  "status": "draft",
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Profile for equine medication administration with competition withdrawal times",
  "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
  "kind": "resource",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "MedicationAdministration",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MedicationAdministration",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "MedicationAdministration.subject",
        "path": "MedicationAdministration.subject",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Reference",
          "targetProfile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-patient"]
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "MedicationAdministration.extension:withdrawal-time",
        "path": "MedicationAdministration.extension",
        "sliceName": "withdrawal-time",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension",
          "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/withdrawal-time"]
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

4. Equine Immunization Profile

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "equine-immunization",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-immunization",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquineImmunization",
  "title": "Equine Immunization Profile",
  "status": "draft",
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Profile for equine immunizations and vaccinations",
  "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
  "kind": "resource",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Immunization",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Immunization",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Immunization.patient",
        "path": "Immunization.patient",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Reference",
          "targetProfile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-patient"]
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Immunization.extension:next-due",
        "path": "Immunization.extension",
        "sliceName": "next-due",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension",
          "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/next-due"]
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

5. Equine Procedure Profile

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "equine-procedure",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-procedure",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquineProcedure",
  "title": "Equine Procedure Profile",
  "status": "draft",
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Profile for equine procedures including joint injections, dental work, and farrier services",
  "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
  "kind": "resource",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Procedure",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Procedure",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Procedure.subject",
        "path": "Procedure.subject",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Reference",
          "targetProfile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-patient"]
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

6. Equine Practitioner Profile

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "equine-practitioner",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-practitioner",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquinePractitioner",
  "title": "Equine Practitioner Profile",
  "status": "draft",
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Profile for equine veterinary practitioners with specialized qualifications",
  "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
  "kind": "resource",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Practitioner",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Practitioner.identifier",
        "path": "Practitioner.identifier",
        "min": 1,
        "mustSupport": true
      },
      {
        "id": "Practitioner.qualification",
        "path": "Practitioner.qualification",
        "min": 1,
        "mustSupport": true
      }
    ]
  }
}

7. Equine Organization Profile

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "equine-organization",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-organization",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquineOrganization",
  "title": "Equine Organization Profile",
  "status": "draft",
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Profile for organizations involved in equine care including clinics, training facilities, and competition venues",
  "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
  "kind": "resource",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Organization",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Organization.type",
        "path": "Organization.type",
        "min": 1,
        "binding": {
          "strength": "extensible",
          "valueSet": "http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/organization-type"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Extension Definitions

1. Ownership Extension

URL: https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/ownership

Supports fractional ownership with validation that ownership percentages should sum to 100% (±0.01% tolerance).

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "ownership",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/ownership",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "Ownership",
  "title": "Ownership Extension",
  "status": "draft",
  "kind": "complex-type",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Extension",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:owner",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "owner",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:owner.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "fixedUri": "owner"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:owner.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Reference",
          "targetProfile": ["http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson"]
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:percentage",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "percentage",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:percentage.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "fixedUri": "percentage"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:percentage.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "type": [{
          "code": "decimal"
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

2. Breeding Info Extension

URL: https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/breeding-info

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "breeding-info",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/breeding-info",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "BreedingInfo",
  "title": "Breeding Information Extension",
  "status": "draft",
  "kind": "complex-type",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Extension",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:sire",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "sire",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:sire.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "fixedUri": "sire"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:sire.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "type": [{
          "code": "string"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:dam",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "dam",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:dam.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "fixedUri": "dam"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:dam.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "type": [{
          "code": "string"
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

3. Equine Color Extension

URL: https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-color

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "equine-color",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-color",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquineColor",
  "title": "Equine Color Extension",
  "status": "draft",
  "kind": "complex-type",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Extension",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Extension.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.value[x]",
        "type": [{
          "code": "CodeableConcept"
        }],
        "binding": {
          "strength": "preferred",
          "valueSet": "https://eqds.org/ValueSet/color-codes"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

4. Withdrawal Time Extension

URL: https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/withdrawal-time

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "withdrawal-time",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/withdrawal-time",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "WithdrawalTime",
  "title": "Withdrawal Time Extension",
  "status": "draft",
  "kind": "complex-type",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Extension",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:organization",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "organization",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:organization.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "fixedUri": "organization"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:organization.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "type": [{
          "code": "CodeableConcept"
        }],
        "binding": {
          "strength": "required",
          "valueSet": "https://eqds.org/ValueSet/competition-organizations"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:duration",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "duration",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Extension"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:duration.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "fixedUri": "duration"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:duration.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "type": [{
          "code": "Duration"
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

5. Next Due Extension

URL: https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/next-due

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "next-due",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/next-due",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "NextDue",
  "title": "Next Due Date Extension",
  "status": "draft",
  "kind": "complex-type",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Extension",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Extension.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.value[x]",
        "type": [{
          "code": "date"
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

Code Systems

1. Equine Sex Code System

URL: https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/equine-sex

{
  "resourceType": "CodeSystem",
  "id": "equine-sex",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/equine-sex",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "EquineSex",
  "title": "Equine Sex Code System",
  "status": "draft",
  "experimental": false,
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Code system for equine sex classifications",
  "caseSensitive": true,
  "content": "complete",
  "concept": [
    {
      "code": "mare",
      "display": "Mare",
      "definition": "Adult female horse"
    },
    {
      "code": "stallion",
      "display": "Stallion",
      "definition": "Adult intact male horse"
    },
    {
      "code": "gelding",
      "display": "Gelding",
      "definition": "Adult castrated male horse"
    },
    {
      "code": "filly",
      "display": "Filly",
      "definition": "Young female horse (typically under 4 years)"
    },
    {
      "code": "colt",
      "display": "Colt",
      "definition": "Young male horse (typically under 4 years)"
    }
  ]
}

2. Breed Codes Code System

URL: https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/breed-codes

{
  "resourceType": "CodeSystem",
  "id": "breed-codes",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/breed-codes",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "BreedCodes",
  "title": "Horse Breed Code System",
  "status": "draft",
  "experimental": false,
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Code system for horse breeds",
  "caseSensitive": true,
  "content": "complete",
  "concept": [
    {
      "code": "QH",
      "display": "Quarter Horse",
      "definition": "American Quarter Horse"
    },
    {
      "code": "TB",
      "display": "Thoroughbred",
      "definition": "Thoroughbred"
    },
    {
      "code": "AR",
      "display": "Arabian",
      "definition": "Arabian horse"
    },
    {
      "code": "PB",
      "display": "Paint Horse",
      "definition": "American Paint Horse"
    },
    {
      "code": "AP",
      "display": "Appaloosa",
      "definition": "Appaloosa"
    },
    {
      "code": "WB",
      "display": "Warmblood",
      "definition": "Sport horse warmblood"
    }
  ]
}

3. Color Codes Code System

URL: https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/color-codes

{
  "resourceType": "CodeSystem",
  "id": "color-codes",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/color-codes",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "ColorCodes",
  "title": "Horse Color Code System",
  "status": "draft",
  "experimental": false,
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Code system for horse colors",
  "caseSensitive": true,
  "content": "complete",
  "concept": [
    {
      "code": "bay",
      "display": "Bay",
      "definition": "Brown body with black mane, tail, and lower legs"
    },
    {
      "code": "chestnut",
      "display": "Chestnut",
      "definition": "Reddish-brown body, mane, and tail"
    },
    {
      "code": "black",
      "display": "Black",
      "definition": "Black body, mane, and tail"
    },
    {
      "code": "gray",
      "display": "Gray",
      "definition": "Gray to white coat with dark skin"
    },
    {
      "code": "pal",
      "display": "Palomino",
      "definition": "Golden body with light mane and tail"
    },
    {
      "code": "pinto",
      "display": "Pinto",
      "definition": "Spotted or patched coloring"
    }
  ]
}

4. Competition Organizations Code System

URL: https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/competition-orgs

{
  "resourceType": "CodeSystem",
  "id": "competition-orgs",
  "url": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/competition-orgs",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "CompetitionOrgs",
  "title": "Competition Organizations Code System",
  "status": "draft",
  "experimental": false,
  "date": "2025-08-27",
  "publisher": "Equine Data Standard (EQDS)",
  "description": "Code system for equestrian competition organizations",
  "caseSensitive": true,
  "content": "complete",
  "concept": [
    {
      "code": "fei",
      "display": "FEI",
      "definition": "Fédération Équestre Internationale"
    },
    {
      "code": "usef",
      "display": "USEF",
      "definition": "United States Equestrian Federation"
    },
    {
      "code": "nrha",
      "display": "NRHA",
      "definition": "National Reining Horse Association"
    },
    {
      "code": "aqha",
      "display": "AQHA",
      "definition": "American Quarter Horse Association"
    }
  ]
}

Complete JSON Examples

1. Complete Equine Patient Example

{
  "resourceType": "Patient",
  "id": "example-horse-01",
  "meta": {
    "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-patient"]
  },
  "text": {
    "status": "generated",
    "div": "<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>Quarter Horse stallion 'Smart Little Pepto', born 2018-04-15, AQHA #5742891</div>"
  },
  "identifier": [
    {
      "type": {
        "coding": [{
          "system": "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0203",
          "code": "MR",
          "display": "Medical record number"
        }]
      },
      "system": "http://example-clinic.com/horses",
      "value": "EQ-2024-1234"
    },
    {
      "type": {
        "text": "AQHA Registration"
      },
      "system": "http://aqha.com/registration",
      "value": "5742891"
    },
    {
      "type": {
        "text": "Microchip"
      },
      "system": "http://icar.org/microchip",
      "value": "985141405208421"
    }
  ],
  "name": [{
    "use": "official",
    "text": "Smart Little Pepto",
    "given": ["Pepto"]
  }],
  "gender": "unknown",
  "birthDate": "2018-04-15",
  "extension": [
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/patient-animal",
      "extension": [
        {
          "url": "species",
          "valueCodeableConcept": {
            "coding": [{
              "system": "http://snomed.info/sct",
              "code": "35354009",
              "display": "Horse (organism)"
            }]
          }
        },
        {
          "url": "breed",
          "valueCodeableConcept": {
            "coding": [{
              "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/breed-codes",
              "code": "QH",
              "display": "Quarter Horse"
            }]
          }
        },
        {
          "url": "genderStatus",
          "valueCodeableConcept": {
            "coding": [{
              "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/equine-sex",
              "code": "stallion",
              "display": "Stallion"
            }]
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-color",
      "valueCodeableConcept": {
        "coding": [{
          "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/color-codes",
          "code": "pal",
          "display": "Palomino"
        }]
      }
    },
    {
      "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/ownership",
      "extension": [
        {
          "url": "owner",
          "valueReference": {
            "reference": "RelatedPerson/owner-john-smith"
          }
        },
        {
          "url": "percentage",
          "valueDecimal": 60.0
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/ownership",
      "extension": [
        {
          "url": "owner",
          "valueReference": {
            "reference": "RelatedPerson/owner-jane-doe"
          }
        },
        {
          "url": "percentage",
          "valueDecimal": 40.0
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/breeding-info",
      "extension": [
        {
          "url": "sire",
          "valueString": "Peptoboonsmal"
        },
        {
          "url": "dam",
          "valueString": "Smart Little Lena"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "contact": [
    {
      "relationship": [{
        "coding": [{
          "system": "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0131",
          "code": "O",
          "display": "Other"
        }],
        "text": "Trainer"
      }],
      "name": {
        "text": "Bob Johnson"
      },
      "telecom": [{
        "system": "phone",
        "value": "+1-555-0123"
      }]
    }
  ]
}

2. Lameness Observation Example

{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "id": "lameness-exam-001",
  "meta": {
    "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-observation"]
  },
  "status": "final",
  "category": [{
    "coding": [{
      "system": "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category",
      "code": "exam",
      "display": "Exam"
    }]
  }],
  "code": {
    "coding": [{
      "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/observations",
      "code": "lameness-grade",
      "display": "AAEP Lameness Scale"
    }]
  },
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/example-horse-01"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2025-08-27T10:00:00Z",
  "performer": [{
    "reference": "Practitioner/vet-smith",
    "display": "Dr. John Smith, DVM"
  }],
  "valueCodeableConcept": {
    "coding": [{
      "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/lameness-grades",
      "code": "2",
      "display": "Grade 2/5 lameness"
    }],
    "text": "Grade 2/5 lameness left front"
  },
  "component": [
    {
      "code": {
        "coding": [{
          "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/observations",
          "code": "left-front",
          "display": "Left Front"
        }]
      },
      "valueInteger": 2
    },
    {
      "code": {
        "coding": [{
          "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/observations",
          "code": "right-front",
          "display": "Right Front"
        }]
      },
      "valueInteger": 0
    }
  ]
}

3. Medication Administration with Withdrawal Time Example

{
  "resourceType": "MedicationAdministration",
  "id": "phenylbutazone-admin",
  "meta": {
    "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-medication-administration"]
  },
  "status": "completed",
  "medicationCodeableConcept": {
    "coding": [{
      "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/veterinary-medications",
      "code": "phenylbutazone",
      "display": "Phenylbutazone (Bute)"
    }],
    "text": "Phenylbutazone 2g PO"
  },
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/example-horse-01"
  },
  "occurredDateTime": "2025-08-20T08:00:00Z",
  "dosage": {
    "dose": {
      "value": 2,
      "unit": "g",
      "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
      "code": "g"
    },
    "route": {
      "coding": [{
        "system": "http://snomed.info/sct",
        "code": "26643006",
        "display": "Oral route"
      }]
    }
  },
  "extension": [{
    "url": "https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/withdrawal-time",
    "extension": [
      {
        "url": "organization",
        "valueCodeableConcept": {
          "coding": [{
            "system": "https://eqds.org/CodeSystem/competition-orgs",
            "code": "usef",
            "display": "United States Equestrian Federation"
          }]
        }
      },
      {
        "url": "duration",
        "valueDuration": {
          "value": 7,
          "unit": "days",
          "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
          "code": "d"
        }
      }
    ]
  }]
}

Implementation Patterns

REST API Endpoints

Base URL Pattern: [server-base]/[resource-type]

Common Search Patterns

GET [base]/Patient?breed=QH&owner=RelatedPerson/123
GET [base]/Patient?microchip=985141405208421
GET [base]/Observation?subject=Patient/horse-123&category=training
GET [base]/MedicationAdministration?subject=Patient/horse-123
GET [base]/Immunization?patient=Patient/horse-123&status=completed

Search Parameters

Resource Parameter Type Description
Patient breed token Search by breed code
Patient microchip token Search by microchip identifier
Patient owner reference Search by owner reference
Observation category token clinical, training, competition
MedicationAdministration withdrawal-time composite Filter by withdrawal status

Business Rules and Validation

  1. Ownership Percentages: All ownership extensions for a patient MUST sum to 100% (±0.01% tolerance)
  2. Species Constraint: Patient.extension:animal.extension:species MUST be fixed to Horse (SNOMED: 35354009)
  3. Required Elements:
    • Patient: identifier, name, animal extension with species, breed, genderStatus
    • Observation: subject (must reference equine-patient), category
    • All other profiles: subject/patient must reference equine-patient

Error Handling

{
  "resourceType": "OperationOutcome",
  "issue": [{
    "severity": "error",
    "code": "business-rule",
    "details": {
      "text": "Ownership percentages must sum to 100%. Current total: 80%"
    },
    "location": ["Patient.extension:ownership"]
  }]
}

Bundle Examples for Common Workflows

Health Certificate Bundle

This bundle includes a complete patient resource, physical examination findings, and current vaccinations:

{
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "id": "health-certificate-bundle",
  "type": "document",
  "entry": [
    {
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Patient",
        "id": "example-horse-01",
        "meta": {
          "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-patient"]
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Observation",
        "id": "physical-exam-001",
        "meta": {
          "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-observation"]
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Immunization",
        "id": "vaccination-001",
        "meta": {
          "profile": ["https://eqds.org/StructureDefinition/equine-immunization"]
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}

Terminology Bindings Summary

Element Binding Strength ValueSet
Patient.extension:animal.extension:breed required https://eqds.org/ValueSet/breed-codes
Patient.extension:animal.extension:genderStatus required https://eqds.org/ValueSet/equine-sex
Patient.extension:color.valueCodeableConcept preferred https://eqds.org/ValueSet/color-codes
Observation.category preferred http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/observation-category
MedicationAdministration.extension:withdrawal-time.extension:organization required https://eqds.org/ValueSet/competition-organizations

Contact and Support

Email: equinedatastandard@gmail.com
Website: https://eqds.org
GitHub: https://github.com/EQDS
License: CC0-1.0 Universal

This specification is designed for AI systems and developers implementing EQDS-compliant applications. All JSON examples are fully validated against the EQDS profiles and ready for implementation.